Category: Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery

Lip Fillers

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Have you ever dreamt of having wonderful lips as you see in ads?

Are you worried about how your lips do appear?

YES. Find out the route to ‘pretty lips’ – Lip Fillers

Lips and eyes make up the important parts of face and determine to an extent, the beauty of an individual. Lips form a major aspect of cosmetic treatment.

Factors to consider for lip augmentation :

  1. Lips in relation to teeth
  2. Lips should look gentle and natural
  3. Ageing can lead to thinner lips
  4. Sun damage
  5. Hereditary factors
  6. Smoking
  7. Facial asymmetries

Injectable intradermal Fillers are commonly used for lip augmentation. These can be done fully in a single session. The procedure seem difficult and challenging but can be done in a safe, effective and as an in-office procedure by a skilled professional. It is advisable to consult a plastic surgeon before any cosmetic procedure.

There are many types of intradermal Fillers, the most common being products that contain substances similar to hyaluronic acid. Allergic reactions are unlikely as these are biocompatible.

Benefits:

  1. A minimally invasive treatment with little chair time and minimal post operative effects.
  2. Replenishes lost volume for a softer, younger look.
  3. Hydrated lips give a more youthful looking appearance.
  4. Results typically last for 9 – 12 months.

Points to ponder:

  • Care should be taken on dosage and area of injection. Symmetry of face should be balanced.
  • Ensure that the Fillers are branded and US FDA approved for safety.
  • Your consultant doctor should have adequate knowledge and training to do the procedure.
  • Inform your professional about any allergies you have prior to treatment.

Dr Iswarya V

General Practitioner,

Trivandrum

Dental Extraction – Complications

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Complications of Dental Extractions include

  1. Intraoperative
  2. Postoperative

Intraoperative

  1. Inability to move the tooth
  2. Fracture of the tooth

In both these cases, take a radiograph and consider transalveolar method.

3. Fracture of alveolar process – if large piece of bone fractures, replace the bone in position with the periostium intact. Suture the mucosa.

4. Fracture of maxillary tuberosity – check oroantral communication and if present, manage accordingly. If tuberosity has periosteal attachment, reposition it back and suture.

5. Fracture of Jaws – reduction and fixation

6. Mucosal laceration – avoid by holding instruments with proper support. Manage by approximation and suturing.

7. Luxation of adjacent tooth – replace the luxated tooth to its original position and splinting made for a period of 3 – 6 weeks.

8. Oroantral communication – small opening, no treatment, do good suturing of the extraction site. Large opening needs surgical closure and coverage of opening by stent/other materials till healing.

9. Displacement of tooth into the facial spaces – removal of the tooth/root indicated.

10. Nerve injury – patient should be informed and routine follow up done.

11. Hemorrhage – if from soft tissue, (pressure pack/LA pack/sutures/cautery) if from artery, (ligation) if from bone (gel foam/oxidised cellulose/ bone wax)

12. Dislocation of jaw – avoided by supporting the jaw during extraction.

13. Root tip left – leave if deeply buried, give antibiotics and review. However if large pieces of root remains, remove.

Postoperative

  1. Hemorrhage

a) primary – occurs due to inadequate hemostasis at surgery.

b) reactionary – occurs within 48 hours due to rise in BP or slippage of sutures.

C) secondary – 7 days postoperatively usually due to infection

Agents used as packs –

  1. Resorbable mesh (oxidised cellulose)
  2. Transexemic acid
  3. Adrenaline
  4. Epsilon amino capriac acid
  5. Bismuth iodine paraffin paste
  6. Whiteheads varnish

2. Pain and swelling – edema maximum on second day and then it subsides. Administration of anitobiotics and analgesics.

3. Dry socket (Alveolar osteitis) – loss of blood clot and socket appears empty and dry. Irrigation of the site and placement of obtundent dressing.

Dr Iswarya V

General Practitioner,

Trivandrum

Reference :

Oxford Clinical Dentistry

Powerful ways to remember what you study.

muhadnoorman1 Comment

Muhad Noorman P – Final year -Team Dentowesome

Most often we get frustrated by studying for days before exams, often we fail to recollect or forget while writing exams. It’s a quite natural process for a human body to forget.
However there are tricks to master our hippocampus and remember for long. Excelling in exams are only possible based on how much you remember topics.

According to Ebbinghaus curve of forgetting information is lost from brain and we’re inable to recollect it.A typical graph of the forgetting curve purports to show that humans tend to halve their memory of newly learned knowledge in a matter of days or weeks unless they consciously review the learned material.

In oder to master long term memorization, we need to practice following methods

Revision : You still remember, A for apple and mitochondria is power house of cell. Constant and frequent revison makes your hippocampus to convert short term memory to long term memory.

Spaced repetition learning technique
Review Your Notes. Within 20-24 hours   of the initial intake of information, make sure the information is written down in notes and that you have reviewed them.
Recall the Information for the First Time. Recall the Materials Again.
Study It All Over Again
Difficult topics are checked regularly while easy topics could be reviewed occasionally

Take a break method
  Study for 20 minutes take a 5 minute break repeat pattern for 3 to 4 hours. It helps to gain more focus, At the end you’ll be happy for the productive hours. Without break in intervals your brains rejects input eventually your output becomes non productive. Mastering this techinque daily, your graph of productivity hits up.

Use body movements while learning,helps to Tigger muscle memory.


Make a story to memorize long topics. Pieces of information are always connected each other when a story link is given.

Organise your study table. Neat study table and fresh environment boost your intake . Bright light, fresh air, erect spine enhance brain functioning. Feel comfortable stay away from cluttered environment

Try to understand what you learn,  things you understand and studied are memorised 9 times.


Learn opposite things .

Switch your topics frequently. Similiar memory get’s intermixed (interference theory).

Things learned at the beginning and end are most memorized. Plan your topics accordingly.


Dicatate your topics and record in dictaphone you can download in your phone. Hear audios before you sleep, going to a beach or restaurant… Brain makes short term memory to long term memory while relaxed.

Visualise your topics. You still remembers the colour of precipitate and titration from your 12th chemistry lab practicals. Visualized memory is far beyond your imaginations.

Read first from books, 2 or 3 days later watch related topics videos from Youtube or any informative apps. Audio+ video learning brushes your previous stored information

Always make use of Sticky notes of alternating colours (prefer light colours- eye rejects dark colour for long time. Use sticky notes apps In your phone screen ( numericals, years etc.could be written in it).

  Last days before your exams should be used for rough reading or revison not for studying. Brain rejects things learned in stressed or a state of anxiety .( Your neurotransmitters makes it mess. Respect them 🤣)

Credits : 1) Forgetting curve definition:Wikipedia. Image : Internet. 2) Spaced repetition technique images from Internet and Osmosis.org website . Spaced repetition method content from Google.