Author: Poojitha Surgi

TELL-SHOW-DO TECHNIQUE

Poojitha SurgiLeave a comment

Given by Addlestone in 1959.

TELL: The technique involves verbal explanation of procedures in phrases appropriate to the development level of the patient.

SHOW: Demonstrations for the patient of the visual, auditory, olfactory & tactile aspects of the procedure in a carefully defined, non threatening sett.

DO: And then, without deviating from the explanation & demonstration, completion of the procedure.

This technique is used with communication skills (verbal and nonverbal) & positive reinforcement.

( Positive reinforcement is the presentation of reinforces which increases the frequency of desired behavior)

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ISONIAZIDE

Poojitha SurgiLeave a comment

Isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH)

Highly effective and most widely used antitubercular agent.

MoA

Uses

First- line drug for treatment of TB. Used for chemo prophylaxis of TB.

Adv. E

  1. Hepatotoxicity : Common in alcoholics, elderly people, rapid acetylators. Symptoms like anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and jaundice are seen. Reversible on discontinuation of drug.
  2. PERIPHERAL NEURITIS : Competitively interferes with utilization of pyridoxine due to structural similarity. Peripheral neuritis is common in slow acetylators.

Pyridoxine 10mg/day + INH is given to reduce risk

3. Other side effects : Fever, skin rashes, arthralgia, anemia, GI disturbances, psychosis and rarely convulsions.

INH inhibits metabolism of pheytoin, carbamazepine, warfarin etc. ➡️ increases plasma levels of these drugs ➡️ may result in toxicity.

REFERENCE:

Pharmacology 4th Ed: Tara V Shanbhag, Smita Shenoy