Muhad Noorman P, Team dentowesome, Final year

Anitschkow cell: Modified macrophages with nuclei having caterpillar apperance ( linear bar of chromatin with peripheral radiating chromatins . Found in Recurrent Apthous stomatitis, Iron deficiency Anemia, megaloblastic Anemia, children receiving chemotherapy.

Langerhans cells : Bone marrow derived antigen presenting cells found in epidermis positive for CD1a and Bierbeck Granules. Increased in Langerhans cell histocytosis and decreased in Psoriasis etc.. Named after Paul Langerhans

Tzank Cells: Enlarged , Balooned up degenerating keratinocytes with enlarged vesicular hyperchromatic nucleus, basophilic cytoplasm and diminished nucleoli and perinuclear halo appearance. Named after Arnault Tzank. Found in Herpes Simplex infection, Herpes Zoster, Pemphigus vulgaris, Varicella.

Langhans Giant cells: They are formed by the fusion of epithelioid cells and contain multiple nuclei arranged in a horseshoe-shaped pattern in the cell periphery or are arranged circumferentially. Named after Theodor Langhans. Found in granulomatous lesions like Tuberculosis, tuberculous Leprosy.

Downey cells : Atypical lymphocytes, abundant pale blue cytoplasm and irregular chromatin . Found in infectious mononucleosis. Named after Hal Downey.

Warthin Finkeldy Giant cells : Giant cells with upto 100 nuclei, cytoplasmic and nuclear inclusions. Pathognomic of measels infection. Named after Warthin and Finkeldy.

Reed–Sternberg cells: They are named after Dorothy Reed Mendenhall and Carl Sternberg. They are large cells that either are multinucleated or have a bilobed nucleus (having an “owl’s eye” appearance) with prominent eosinophilic nucleoli.Reed–Sternberg cells are giant cells found in Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL).

Gaucher Cells : Glucocerebroside laden macrophages containing tubular cytoplasmic inclusions. (Crumbled tissue paper apperance) Hallmark of gaucher disease. Staining positive for Wright and PAS stain.

Rushton bodies : Peculiar linear , curved- hyaline homogeneous structure found in wall of ODONTOGENIC cysts like periapical cyst, dentigerous cyst etc..

Ghost cells: Well defined, eosinophilc, elliptoid fused epithelial cells with blurred apperance. Found in Ghost cell odontogenic tumor, Calcifying epithelial odontogenic cyst, odontoma, craniopharyngioma etc..

Rusells bodies : Large eosinophilc immunoglobulin containing inclusion bodies found in plasma cells. Distented endoplasmic reticulum staining positive for PAS, CD38 etc. Found in chronic inflammations. Aggregate Is called Mott bodies.

Reference : Internet, Shafers oral pathology, Neville Oral pathology

Dentowesome- Muhad Noorman P
Final year

Asboe-Hansen sign (also known as indirect Nikolsky sign) refers to the extension of a blister to adjacent unblistered skin when pressure is put on the top of the intact bulla.

Auspitz’s sign is the appearance of punctate bleeding spots when psoriasis scales are scraped off, named after Heinrich Auspitz.This happens because there is thinning of the epidermal layer overlying the tips of the dermal papillae and blood vessels within the papillae are dilated and tortuous, which bleed readily when the scale is removed.

Button-hole sign: Neurofibromatosis. invagination of a nodule when pressed with a finger, a characteristic of neurofibromatosis

Carpet tack lesions: Discoid lupus erythematosus. There are follicular hyperkeratotic plugs causing a carpet tack appearance as they project from the undersurface of the scale when it is removed from advanced lesions.

Charcot’s triad: Seen in multiple sclerosis, characterized by intention tremor, nystagmus, dysarthria

Crowe’s sign: Found in Neurofibromatosis. Presence of axillary freckling in people with neurofibromatosis type I.

Gorlin sign: Ehler -Danlos Syndrome. Ability to touch the tip of the nose with tongue and touch the elbow with the tongue

Higomenakis’s sign: Congenital syphilis. A unilateral enlargement of the sternoclavicular portion of the clavicle, seen in congenital syphilis

Millian sign: Erysipelas. Involvement of the ear (Milian’s ear sign) is a distinguishing feature for erysipelas since this region does not contain deeper dermis tissue.

Nikolsky’s sign: Epidermolysis bullosa, pemphigus, Severe Steven –Johnson syndrome etc. Application of lateral oblique pressure to skin yeild formation of new blisters.

Oil drop sign: Psoriasis. A translucent discolouration in the nail bed that resembles a drop of oil beneath the nail plate.

Reference: Neville Textbook of oral Pathology. Cawsons essential oral pathology
Regezi and Batsakis Oral pathology