thyroglossal cyst

A thyroglossal cyst is a fibrous cyst that forms from a persistent thyroglossal duct. Thyroglossal cysts can be defined as an irregular neck mass or a lump which develops from cells and tissues left over after the formation of the thyroid gland during developmental stages

cystic hygroma

A cystic hygroma is a fluid-filled sac that results from a blockage in the lymphatic system . It is most commonly located in the neck or head area, but can be located anywhere in the body. It may be discovered in a fetus during a pregnancy ultrasound , or it may be apparent at birth as a soft bulge under the skin.

ACUTE VIRAL HEPATITIS

Clinical Features:-

  • Prodromal Symptoms- nausea, vomitting, abd. Pain, headache, fatigue, malaise
  • Icteric Phase- patients notice dark urine and yellowish discolouration of skin and eyes.
  • Recovery Phase- improvement of general symptoms and diminution of jaundice
  • Signs- sclera yellow, scratch marks due to pruritus, tender hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy

Treatment:-

  • Physical activity restricted
  • High calorie diet intake. Good protein intake
  • Drugs which are hepatotoxic to be avoided.
  • Alcohol stopped
  • Bile sequestering agents for pruritus

Prophylaxis:-

Reference- a.k. tripathi for medicine

TYPES OF EPILEPSY

EPILEPSY Defn.– Any disorder characterized by recurrent seizures due to underlying chronic disease.

So broadly there are 2 types of epilepsy:-

  • PARTIAL

Partial can be further divided into:-

  • Simple
  • Complex
  • GENERALIZED

Generalized can be divided into:-

  • Grand Mal Epilepsy
  • Petit Mal Epilepsy
  • Myoclonic Epilepsy
  • Atonic Epilepsy

Reference-

A.K.Tripathi for general medicine 3rd edition