Author: sakshibhude

ACUTE VIRAL HEPATITIS

sakshibhude1 Comment

Clinical Features:-

  • Prodromal Symptoms- nausea, vomitting, abd. Pain, headache, fatigue, malaise
  • Icteric Phase- patients notice dark urine and yellowish discolouration of skin and eyes.
  • Recovery Phase- improvement of general symptoms and diminution of jaundice
  • Signs- sclera yellow, scratch marks due to pruritus, tender hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy

Treatment:-

  • Physical activity restricted
  • High calorie diet intake. Good protein intake
  • Drugs which are hepatotoxic to be avoided.
  • Alcohol stopped
  • Bile sequestering agents for pruritus

Prophylaxis:-

Reference- a.k. tripathi for medicine

TYPES OF EPILEPSY

sakshibhudeLeave a comment

EPILEPSY Defn.– Any disorder characterized by recurrent seizures due to underlying chronic disease.

So broadly there are 2 types of epilepsy:-

  • PARTIAL

Partial can be further divided into:-

  • Simple
  • Complex
  • GENERALIZED

Generalized can be divided into:-

  • Grand Mal Epilepsy
  • Petit Mal Epilepsy
  • Myoclonic Epilepsy
  • Atonic Epilepsy

Reference-

A.K.Tripathi for general medicine 3rd edition

HYPOCALCEMIA AND HYPERCALCEMIA

sakshibhudeLeave a comment

Hypocalcemia and Hypercalcemia are the two important metabolic disorders of calcium.

Hypocalcemia- decrease in serum calcium level below 9.2 mg/dl

Hypercalcemia-increase in serum calcium level above 10.5mg/dl

So lets study them by comparing their features.

Chvostek’s sign-contraction of facial muscles on tapping over facial nerve branches.

Trousseau’s sign-Appearance of carpal spasm when sphygmomanometer cuff inflated above systolic blood pressure.

Both the signs are seen in hypocalcemia.

Reference- A.K.Tripathi oral medicine for dental students 3rd edition